Class Aves
Order Anseriformes
Family Anatidae
Sub-family Dendrocygninae
(Dendrocygna bicolor – Fulvous Whistling Duck)
(Dendrocygna autumnalis Black-bellied Whistling Duck)
Sub-family Anserinae
Anser albifrons – Greater White-fronted Goose
Chen caerulescens – Snow Goose (Blue and White phases)
Chen rossii – Ross’s Goose
Branta hutchinsii-Cackling Goose
Branta canadensis – Canada Goose *
Branta bernicla – Brant
Cygnus olor – Mute Swan I *
Cygnus buccinator – Trumpeter Swan X *
Cygnus columbianus – Tundra Swan
Sub-family Anatinae
Aix sponsa – Wood Duck *
Anas strepera – Gadwall *
Anas penelope – Eurasian Wigeon
Anas americana – American Wigeon
Anas rubripes – American Black Duck *
Anas platyrhynchos – Mallard *
(Anas fulvigula – Mottled Duck)
Anas discors – Blue-winged Teal *
Anas cyanoptera – Cinnamon Teal
Anas clypeata – Northern Shoveler *
(Anas bahamensis – White-cheeked Pintail)
Anas acuta – Northern Pintail *
(Anas querquedula – Garganey)
Anas crecca – Green-winged Teal *
Aythya valisineria – Canvasback
Aythya americana – Redhead *
Aythya collaris – Ring-necked Duck
(Aythya fuligula – Tufted Duck)
Aythya marila – Greater Scaup
Aythya affinis – Lesser Scaup *
Somateria spectabilis – King Eider
(Somateria mollissima – Common Eider)
Histrionicus histrionicus – Harlequin Duck
Melanitta perspicillata – Surf Scoter
Melanitta fusca – White-winged Scoter
Melanitta nigra – Black Scoter
Clangula hyemalis – Long-tailed Duck (Oldsquaw)
Bucephala albeola – Bufflehead
Bucephala clangula – Common Goldeneye
Bucephala islandica – Barrow’s Goldeneye
Lophodytes cucullatus – Hooded Merganser *
Mergus merganser – Common Merganser
Mergus serrator – Red-breasted Merganser
Oxyura jamaicensis – Rudy Duck *
Order Galliformes
Family Phasianidae
Sub-family Phasianinae
Perdix perdix – Gray Partridge I *
Phasianus colchicus – Ring-necked Pheasant I *
Sub-family Tetraoninae
Bonasa umbellus – Ruffed Grouse X, but reintroduced *
Tympanuchus phasianellus – Sharp-tailed Grouse X *
Tympanuchus cupido – Greater Prairie Chicken SE *
Sub-family Meleagridinae
Meleagris gallopavo – Wild Turkey X, but reintroduced *
Family Odontophoridae
Colinus virginianus – Northern Bobwhite *
Order Gaviiformes
Family Gaviidae
Gavia stellata – Red-throated Loon
Gavia arcticus – Arctic Loon
(Gavia pacifica – Pacific Loon)
Gavia immer – Common Loon
(Gavia adamsii – Yellow-billed Loon)
Order Podicipediformes
Family Podicipedidae
Podilymbus podiceps – Pied-billed Grebe *
Podiceps auritus – Horned Grebe
Podiceps grisegena – Red-necked Grebe
Podiceps nigricollis – Eared Grebe *
Aechmorphorus occidentalis – Western Grebe
(Aechmorphorus clarkii – Clark’s Grebe)
Order Pelecaniformes
Family Sulidae
(Morus bassanus – Northern Gannet)
Family Pelecanidae
Pelecanus erythrorhynchos – American White Pelican
(Pelecanus occidentalis – Brown Pelican) FE
Family Phalacrocoracidae
(Phalacrocorax brasilianus – Neotropic (Olivaceous) Cormorant)
Phalacrocorax auritus – Double-crested Cormorant *
Family Anhingidae
(Anhinga anhinga – Anhinga)
Family Fregatidae
(Fregata magnificens – Magnificant Frigatebird)
Order Ciconiiformes
Family Ardeidae
Botaurus lentiginosus – American Bittern SE *
Ixobrychus exilis – Least Bittern ST *
Ardea herodias – Great Blue Heron *
Ardea alba – Great Egret *
Egretta thula – Snowy Egret SE *
Egretta caerulea – Little Blue Heron SE *
Egretta tricolor – Tricolored Heron
(Egretta rufescens – Reddish Egret)
Bubulcus ibis – Cattle Egret *
Butorides virescens – Green Heron *
Nycticorax nycticorax – Black-crowned Night-heron SE *
Nytanassa violaceus – Yellow-crowned Night-heron SE *
Family Threskiornithidae
Sub-family Threskiornithinae
(Eudocimus albus – White Ibis)
Plegadis falcinellus – Glossy Ibis
Plegadis chihi – White-faced Ibis
Sub-family Plataleinae
(Platalea ajaja – Roseate Spoonbill X?)
Family Ciconiidae
(Mycteria americana – Wood Stork) FE
Family Cathartidae
Coragyps altratus – Black Vulture *
Cathartes aura – Turkey Vulture *
Order Falconiformes
Family Accipitridae
Sub-family Pandioninae
Pandion haliaetus – Osprey SE *
Sub-family Accipitrinae
Elanoides forficatus – Swallow-tailed Kite
(Elanus leucurus – White-tailed (Black-shouldered) Kite)
Ictina mississippiensis – Mississippi Kite SE *
Haliaeetus leucocephalus – Bald Eagle ST FT *
Circus cyaneus – Northern Harrier SE *
Accipiter striatus – Sharp-shinned Hawk *
Accipiter cooperii – Cooper’s Hawk *
Accipiter gentilis – Northern Goshawk
Buteo lineatus – Red-shouldered Hawk *
Buteo platypterus – Broad-winged Hawk *
Buteo swainsoni – Swainson’s Hawk SE *
Buteo jamaicensis – Red-tailed Hawk *
Buteo regalis – Ferruginous Hawk
Buteo lagopus – Rough-legged Hawk
Aquila chrysaetos – Golden Eagle
Family Falconidae
Sub-family Falconinae
Falco sparverius – American Kestrel *
Falco columbarius – Merlin
Falco rusticolus – Gyrfalcon
Falco peregrinus – Peregrine Falcon ST X, but reintroduced *
Falco mexicanus – Prairie Falcon
Order Gruiformes
Family Rallidae
Coturnicops noveboracensis – Yellow Rail
Laterallus jamaicensis – Black Rail SE *
Rallus elegans – King Rail SE *
Rallus limicola – Virginia Rail WL *
Porzana carolina – Sora WL *
Porphyrio martinica – Purple Gallinule *
Gallinula chloropus – Common Moorhen ST *
Fulica americana – American Coot *
Family Gruidae
Grus canadensis – Sandhill Crane ST *
(Grus americana – Whooping Crane) FE
Order Charadriiformes
Family Charadriidae
Pluvialis squatarola – Black-bellied Plover
Pluvialis dominica – American Golden-Plover
(Charadrius alexandrinus – Snowy Plover)
Charadrius semipalmatus – Semipalmated Plover
Charadrius melodus – Piping Plover X SE FE *
Charadrius vociferus – Killdeer *
Family Recurvirostridae
Himantopus mexicanus – Black-necked Stilt *
Recurvirostra americana – American Avocet
Family Scolopacidae
Tringa melanoleuca – Greater Yellowlegs
Tringa flavipes – Lesser Yellowlegs
Tringa solitaria – Solitary Sandpiper
Catoptrophorus semipalmatus – Willet
Actitis macularius – Spotted Sandpiper *
Bartramia longicauda – Upland Sandpiper SE *
Numenius borealis – Eskimo Curlew FE
Numenius phaeopus – Whimbrel
Numenius americanus – Long-billed Curlew
Limosa haemmastica – Hudsonian godwit
Limosa fedoa – Marbled Godwit
Arenaria interpres – Ruddy Turnstone
Calidris canutus – Red Knot
Calidris alba – Sanderling
Calidris pusilla – Semipalmated Sandpiper
Calidris mauri – Western Sandpiper
Calidris minutilla – Least Sandpiper
Calidris fuscicollis – White-rumped Sandpiper
Calidris bairdi – Baird’s Sandpiper
Calidris melanotos – Pectoral Sandpiper
(Calidris acuminata – Sharp-tailed Sandpiper)
Calidris maritima – Purple Sandpiper
Calidris alpina – Dunlin
(Calidris ferruginea – Curlew Sandpiper)
Calidris himantopus – Stilt Sandpiper
Tryngites subruficollis – Buff-breasted Sandpiper
Philomachus pugnax – Ruff
Limnodromus griseus – Short-billed Dowitcher
Limnodromus scolopaceus – Long-billed Dowitcher
Gallinago delicata – Wilson’s Snipe WL *
Scolopax minor – American Woodcock *
Phalaropus tricolor – Wilson’s Phalarope SE *
Phalaropus lobatus – Red-necked (Northern) Phalarope *
Phalaropus fulicarius – Red Phalarope
Family Laridae
Sub-family Stercorariinae
Stercorarius pomarinus – Pomarine Jaeger
Stercorarius parasiticus – Parasitic Jaeger
Stercorarius longicaudis – Long-tailed Jaeger
Sub-family Larinae
Larus atricilla – Laughing Gull
Larus pipixcan – Franklin’s Gull
Larus minutus – Little Gull
(Larus ridibundus – (Common) Black-headed Gull)
Larus philadelphia – Bonaparte’s Gull
(Larus canus – Mew Gull)
Larus delawarensis – Ring-billed Gull *
Larus californica – California Gull
Larus argentatus – Herring Gull *
Larus thayeri – Thayer’s Gull
Larus glaucoides – Iceland Gull
Larus fuscus – Lesser Black-backed Gull
(Larus schistisagus – Slaty-backed Gull)
(Larus occidentalis – Western Gull)
(Larus glaucescens – Glaucous-winged Gull)
Larus hyperboreus – Glaucous Gull
Larus marinus – Great Black-backed Gull
Xema sabini – Sabine’s Gull
Rissa tridactyla – Black-legged Kittiwake
(Rhodostethis rosea – Ross’s Gull)
(Pagophila eburnea – Ivory Gull)
Sub-family Sterninae
Sterna nilotica – Gull-billed Tern)
Sterna caspia – Caspian Tern
(Sterna maxima – Royal Tern)
Sterna sandvicensis – Sandwich Tern)
Sterna hirundo – Common Tern SE *
(Stern paradisaea – Arctic Tern)
Sterna forsteri – Forster’s Tern SE *
Sterna antillarum – Least Tern SE FE *
(Sterna fuscata – Sooty Tern)
(Phaetusa simplex – Large-billed Tern)
Chlidonias niger – Black Tern SE *
Sub-family Rynchopinae
(Rynchops niger – Black Skimmer)
Family Alcidae
(Alle alle – Dovkie)
(Synthliboramphus antiquus – Ancient Murrelet)
Order Columbiformes
Family Columbidae
Columba livia – Rock Pigeon *
Patagioenas fasciata – Band-tailed Pigeon)
(Streptopelia decaocto – Eurasin Collared-dove) I
(Zenaida asiatica – White-winged Dove)
Zenaida macroura – Mourning Dove *
Ectopistes migratoriu – Passenger Pigeon (†) *
(Columbina inca – Inca dove)
(Columbina passerina – Common Ground-dove)
Order Psittaciformes
Family Psittacidae
Sub-family Arinae
Myiopsitta monachus – Monk Parakeet I *
Conuropsis carolinensis – Carolina Parakeet (†) *
Order Cuculiformes
Family Cuculidae
Sub-family Coccyzinae
Coccyzus erythropthalmus – Black-billed Cuckoo *
Coccyzus americanus – Yellow-billed Cuckoo *
Sub-family Crotophaginae
(Crotophaga sulcirofris – Groove-billed Ani)
Order Strigiformes
Family Tytonidae
Tyto alba – (Common) Barn-owl SE *
Family Strigidae
Megascops asio – Eastern Screech-owl *
Bubo virginianus – Great Horned Owl *
Bubo scandiaca – Snowy Owl
Surina ulula – Northern Hawk-owl
Athene cunicularia – Burrowing Owl
Strix varia – Barred Owl *
Asio otus – Long-eared Owl *
Asio flammeus – Short-eared Owl SE *
Aegolius funereus – Boreal Owl
Aegolius acadicus – Northern Saw-whet Owl *
Order Caprimulgiformes
Family Caprimulgidae
Sub-family Chordeilinae
Chordeiles minor – Common Nighthawk *
Sub-family Caprimulginae
Caprimulgus carolinensis – Chuck-will’s-widow *
Caprimulgus vociferus – Whip-poor-will *
Order Apodiformes
Family Apodidae
Sub-family Chaeturinae
Chaetura pelagica – Chimney Swift *
Family Trochilidae
Sub-family Trochilinae
Archilochus colubris – Ruby-throated Hummingbird *
(Selasphorus platycercus – Broad-tailed Hummingbird)
(Selasphorus rufus – Rufous Hummingbird)
(Selasphorus sasin – Allen’s Hummingbird)
Order Coraciiformes
Family Alcedinidae
Sub-family Cerylinae
Ceryle alcyon – Belted Kingfisher *
Order Piciformes
Family Picidae
Sub-family Picinae
Melanerpes erythrocephalus – Red-headed Woodpecker *
Melanerpes carolinus – Red-bellied Woodpecker *
(Sphyrapicus thyroides – Williamson’s Sapsucker)
Sphyrapicus varius – Yellow-bellied Sapsucker *
Picoides pubescens – Downy Woodpecker *
Picoides villosus – Hairy Woodpecker *
(Picoides borealis – Red-cockaded Woodpecker)
Picoides arcticus – Black-backed Woodpecker
Colaptes auratus – Northern Flicker *
Dryocopus pileatus – Pileated Woodpecker *
Campephilus principalis – Ivory-billed Woodpecker FE X
Order Passeriformes
Family Tyrannidae
Sub-family Fluvicolinae
Contopus cooperi – Olive-sided Flycatcher
Contopus virens – Eastern Wood-pewee *
Empidonax flaviventris – Yellow-bellied Flycatcher
Empidonax virescens – Acadian Flycatcher *
Empidonax alnorum – Alder Flycatcher *
Empidonax traillii – Willow Flycatcher *
Empidonax minimus – Least Flycatcher *
Sayornis phoebe – Eastern Phoebe *
(Sayornis saya – Say’s Phoebe)
(Pyrocephalus rubinus – Vermilion Flycatcher)
Sub-family Tyranninae
(Myiarchus cinerascens – Ash-throated Flycatcher)
Myiarchus crinitus – Great Crested Flycatcher *
Tyrannus verticalis – Western Kingbird *
Tyrannus tyrannus – Eastern Kingbird *
Tyrannus forficata – Scissor-tailed Flycatcher *
(Tyrannus savanna – Fork-tailed Flycatcher)
Family Lanidae
Lanius ludovicianus – Loggerhead Shrike ST *
Lanius excubitor – Northern Shrike
Family Vireonidae
Vireo griseus – White-eyed Vireo *
Vireo bellii – Bell’s Vireo WL *
Vireo flavifrons – Yellow-throated Vireo *
Vireo solitarius – Blue-headed (Solitary) Vireo *
Vireo gilvus – Warbling Vireo *
Vireo philadelphicus – Philadelphia Vireo
Vireo olivaceus – Red-eyed Vireo *
Family Corvidae
(Cyanocita stellari – Stellar’s Jay)
Cyanocita cristata – Blue Jay *
(Aphelocoma californica – Western Scrub-jay)
(Aphelocoma sp. Scrub Jay)
(Nucifraga columbiana – Clark’s Nutcracker)
(Pica hudsonia – Black-billed Magpie)
Corvus brachyrhynchos – American Crow *
Corvus ossifragus – Fish Crow *
Corvus corax – Common Raven X *
Family Alaudidae
Eremophila alpestris – Horned Lark *
Family Hirundinidae
Sub-family Hirundininae
Progne subis – Purple Martin *
Tachycineta bicolor – Tree Swallow *
(Tachycineta thalassina – Violet-green Swallow)
Stelgidopteryx serripennis – Northern Rough-winged Swallow *
Riparia riparia – Bank Swallow *
Petrochelidon pyrrhonota – Cliff Swallow *
Hirundo rustica – Barn Swallow *
Family Paridae
Poecile carolinensis– Carolina Chickadee *
Poecile atricapillus– Black-capped Chickadee *
Poecile hudsonica– Boreal Chickadee
Baeolophus bicolor – Tufted Titmouse *
Family Sittidae
Sub-family Sittinae
Sitta canadensis – Red-breasted Nuthatch *
Sitta carolinensis – White-breasted Nuthatch *
(Sitta pusilla – Brown-headed Nuthatch)
Family Certhiidae
Certhia americana – Brown Creeper *
Family Troglodytidae
Salpinctes obsoletus – Rock Wren
Thryothorus ludovicianus – Carolina Wren *
Thryomanes bewickii – Bewick’s Wren SE *
Troglodytes aedon – House Wren *
Troglodytes troglodytes – Winter Wren
Cistothorus platensis – Sedge Wren *
Cistothorus palustris – Marsh Wren *
Family Regulidae
Regulus satrapa – Golden-crowned Kinglet
Regulus calendula – Ruby-crowned Kinglet
Family Sylviidae
Sub-family Polioptilinae
Polioptila caerulea – Blue-gray Gnatcatcher *
Family Turdidae
(Oenanthe oenanthe – Northern Wheatear)
Sialia sialis – Eastern Bluebird *
(Sialia currucoides – Mountain Bluebird)
Myadestes townsendi – Townsend’s Solitaire
Catharus fuscescens – Veery *
Catharus minimus – Gray-cheeked Thrush
Catharus ustulatus – Swainson’s Thrush
Catharus guttatus – Hermit Thrush
Hylocichla mustelina – Wood Thrush *
Turdus migratorius – American Robin *
Ixoreus naevius – Varied Thrush
Family Mimidae
Dumetella carolinensis – Gray Catbird *
(Oreoscoptes montanus – Sage Thrasher)
Mimus polyglottos – Northern Mockingbird *
Toxostoma rufum – Brown Thrasher *
(Toxostoma curvirostre – Curve-billed Thrasher)
Family Sturnidae
Sturnus vulgaris – European Starling I *
Family Motacillidae
Anthus rubescens – American (Water) Pipit
Anthus spragueii – Sprague’s Pipit
Family Bombycillidae
Bombycilla garrulus – Bohemian Waxwing
Bombycilla cedrorum – Cedar Waxwing *
Family Parulidae
Vermivora pinus – Blue-winged Warbler *
Vermivora chrysoptera – Golden-winged Warbler WL *
Vermivora peregrina – Tennessee Warbler
Vermivora celata – Orange-crowned Warbler
Vermivora ruficapilla – Nashville Warbler *
Parula americana – Northern Parula *
Dendroica petechia – Yellow Warbler *
Dendroica pensylvanica – Chestnut-sided Warbler *
Dendroica magnolia – Magnolia Warbler
Dendroica tigrina – Cape May Warbler
Dendroica caerulescens – Black-throated Blue Warbler
Dendroica coronata – Yellow-rumped Warbler
(Dendroica nigrescens – Black-throated Gray Warbler)
Dendroica virens – Black-throated Green Warbler *
(Dendroica townsendi – Townsend’s Warbler)
(Dendroica occidentalis Hermit Warbler)
Dendroica fusca – Blackburnian Warbler
Dendroica dominica – Yellow-throated Warbler *
Dendroica pinus – Pine Warbler *
Dendroica kirtlandii – Kirtland’s Warbler FE
Dendroica discolor – Prairie Warbler *
Dendroica palmarum – Palm Warbler
Dendroica castanea – Bay-breasted Warbler
Dendroica striata – Blackpoll Warbler
Dendroica cerulea – Cerulean Warbler ST *
Mniotilta varia– Black-and-white Warbler *
Setophaga ruticilla – American Redstart *
Protonotaria citrea – Prothonotary Warbler *
Helmitheros vermivorum – Worm-eating Warbler *
Limnothlypis swainsonii – Swainson’s Warbler SE *
Seiurus aurocapilla – Ovenbird *
Seiurus noveboracensis – Northern Waterthrush
Seiurus motacilla – Louisiana Waterthrush *
Oporornis formosus – Kentucky Warbler *
Oporornis agilis – Connecticut Warbler
Oporornis philadelphia – Mourning Warbler *
(Oporornis tolmiei – MacGillivray’s Warbler)
Geothlypis trichas – Common Yellowthroat *
Wilsonia citrina – Hooded Warbler *
Wilsonia pusilla – Wilson’s Warbler
Wilsonia canadensis – Canada Warbler *
Icteria virens – Yellow-breasted Chat *
Family Thraupidae
(Piranga flava – Hepatic Tanager)
Piranga rubra – Summer Tanager *
Piranga olivacea – Scarlet Tanager *
Piranga ludoviciana – Western Tanager
Family Emberizidae
(Pipilo chlorurus – Green-tailed Towhee)
(Pipilo maculatus – Spotted Towhee)
Pipilo erythrophthalmus – Eastern Towhee *
(Aimophila cassinii – Cassin’s Sparrow)
Aimophila aestivalis – Bachman’s Sparrow *
Spizella arborea – American Tree Sparrow
Spizella passerina – Chipping Sparrow *
Spizella pallida – Clay-colored Sparrow *
(Spizella breweri – Brewer’s Sparrow)
Spizella pusilla – Field Sparrow *
Pooecetes gramineus – Vesper Sparrow *
Chondestes grammacus – Lark Sparrow *
Calamospiza melanocorys – Lark Bunting
(Amphispiza bilineata – Black-throated Sparrow)
Passerculus sandwichensis – Savannah Sparrow *
Ammodramus savannarum – Grasshopper Sparrow *
Ammodramus henslowii – Henslow’s Sparrow ST *
Ammodramus leconteii – Le Conte’s Sparrow *
Ammodramus nelsoni – Nelson’s Sharp-tailed Sparrow
Passerella iliaca – Fox Sparrow
Melospiza melodia – Song Sparrow *
Melospiza lincolnii – Lincoln’s Sparrow
Melospiza georgiana – Swamp Sparrow *
Zonotrichia albicollis – White-throated Sparrow *
Zonotrichia querula – Harris’s Sparrow
Zonotrichia leucophrys – White-crowned Sparrow
(Zonotrichia atricapilla – Golden-crowned Sparrow)
Junco hyemalis – Dark-eyed Junco
Calcarius lapponicus – Lapland Longspur
Calcarius pictus – Smith’s Longspur
Calcarius ornatus – Chestnut-collared Longspur
Plectrophenax nivalis – Snow Bunting
Family Cardinalidae
Cardinalis cardinalis – Northern Cardinal *
Pheucticus ludovicianus – Rose-breasted Grosbeak *
Pheucticus melanocephalus – Black-headed Grosbeak
Passerina caerulea – Blue Grosbeak *
(Passerina amoena – Lazuli Bunting)
Passerina cyanea – Indigo Bunting *
(Passerina amoena – Painted Bunting) *
Spiza americana – Dickcissel *
Family Icteridae
Dolichonyx oryzivorus – Bobolink WL *
Agelaius phoeniceus – Red-winged Blackbird *
Sturnella magna – Eastern Meadowlark *
Sturnella neglecta – Western Meadowlark *
Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus – Yellow-headed Blackbird SE *
Euphagus carolinus – Rusty Blackbird
Euphagus cyanocephalus – Brewer’s Blackbird *
Quiscalus quiscula – Common Grackle *
(Quiscalus mexicanus – Great-tailed Grackle)
Molothrus ater – Brown-headed Cowbird *
Icterus spurius – Orchard Oriole *
Icterus galbula – Baltimore Oriole *
(Icterus parisorum – Scott’s Oriole)
Family Fringillidae
Sub-family Carduelinae
(Leucoosticte tephrocotis – Gray-crowned Rosy-finch)
Pinicola enucleator – Pine Grosbeak
Carpodacus purpureus – Purple Finch
Carpodacus mexicanus – House Finch I *
Loxia curvirostra – Red Crossbill *
Loxia leucoptera – White-winged Crossbill
Carduelis flammea – Common Redpoll
Carduelis hornemanni – Hoary Redpoll
Carduelis pinus – Pine Siskin *
Carduelis tristis – American Goldfinch *
Coccothraustes vespertinus – Evening Grosbeak
Family Passeridae
Passer montanus – Eurasian Tree Sparrow I *
Passer domesticus – House Sparrow I *
(†) = Extinct
FE = Federally Endangered
FT = Federally Threatened
X = Extirpated from Illinois
SE = Illinois State Endangered
ST = Illinois State Threatened
WL = Illinois Watch List
( ) = Very Rare Vagrant
* = Confirmed Breeding in Illinois
I = Introduced
Taxonomic order and nomenclature from:
American Ornithologists’ Union. 1998. Check-list of North American Birds. 7th edition. American Ornithologists’ Union, Washington, D.C. 829 pp.
_________________________. 2000. Forty-second Supplement to the American Ornithologists’ Union Check-list of North American Birds. Auk 117(3): 847-858.
Banks, R.C., C. Cicero, J.L. Dunn, A.W. Kratter, P.C. Rasmussen, J.V. Remsen, Jr., J.D. Rising and D.F. Stotz. 2002. Forty-third Supplement to the American Ornithologists’ Union Check-list of North American Birds. Auk 119(3): 897-906.
_________________________ 2003. Forty-fourth Supplement to the American Ornithologists’ Union Check-list of North American Birds. Auk 120(3): 923-931.
_________________________ 2004. Forty-fifth Supplement to the American Ornithologists’ Union Check-list of North American Birds. Auk 121(3): 985-995.
Illinois occurrences reported from:
Bohlen, H.D. 1989. The Birds of Illinois. Indiana University Press. 221 pp.
Goetz, R.E. 1989. Second Report of the Illinois Ornithological Records Committee. Illinois Birds and Birding. 5:3-10.
Goetz, R.E. 1990. Third Report of the Illinois Ornithological Records Committee. Illinois Birds and Birding. 6:9-14.
Goetz, R.E. and J.C. Robinson. 1988. First Report of the Illinois Ornithological Records Committ3ee. Illinois Birds and Birding. 4:57-63.
Goetz, R.E. and D.F. Stotz. 1999. Fifth Report of the Illinois Ornithological Records Committee. Meadowlark, A Journal of Illinois Birds. 8:53-62.
Kleen, V.M., L. Cordle, and R.A. Montgomery. 2004. The Illinois Breeding Bird Atlas. Illinois Natural History Survey Special Publication No. 26. xvii + 459 pp.
Johnson, D.B., P.R. Clyne and M.F. Deaton. 1998. Fourth Report of the Illinois Ornithological Records Committee. Meadowlark, A Journal of Illinois Birds. 7:50-65.
Johnson, D. B. and D. F. Stotz. 2005. The Eleventh Report of the Illinois Ornithological Records Committee. Meadowlark, A Journal of Illinois Birds.
Stotz, D.F. 2001. Seventh Report of the Illinois Ornithological Records committee. Meadowlark, A Journal of Illinois Birds. 10:52-58.
Stotz, D.F. and D.B. Johnson. 2002. Eighth Report of the Illinois Ornithological Records Committee. Meadowlark, A Journal of Illinois Birds. 11(2): 63-67.
Stotz, D.F. and D.B. Johnson. 2003. Ninth Report of the Illinois Ornithological Records Committee. Meadowlark, A Journal of Illinois Birds. 12(2):55-61.
Williamson, C. 2002. State’s First Confirmed Nesting White-throated Sparrow. Meadowlark, A Journal of Illinois Birds. 11(2):63-67.
Illinois status from:
Illinois Endangered Species Protection Board. 1999. Checklist of Endangered and Threatened Animals and Plants of Illinois. Springfield, Illinois. 20 pp.